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AMERICAS MARKETS RISK SUITE
 
DAILY UPDATE
 
The Americas Markets Risk Suite exhibits the strongest outlook with optimal level of risk spectra controlled from the outset despite fluctuatung trends in mneighbouring US Markets. Toronto leads the way with the least risky environment. Empirical evidence shows renewed vitality from the general Canadian Economy sometimes used as the Benchmarling Alliavator of the US Testing Dysfonctional Spread (TDS). The beauty behind Canada's economic embonpoint dispels effect of magnitudes behind the comprehension of technical mastery. Time will tell if either or not the Subprime Unfolding fiasco hedged Canada's ability to absord shockwaves emanating from its giant neighbour. From the Global Macroeconomic Observation perspective, Lyscale Riskgrade has uncovered evidence pointing to the direction of Duplicate Effect of Magnitude outside the velocity of Risk on systemic interactive configuration. Thus, helping Canada's depressed crowding-out effect induced by a normally US-led over-dynamic spread stimulation. On the reserve note, hence, in time of cyclical adversity, Canada's Economy tends to exhibit inherent tendency to over-capitalisation on the US deceleration of steam. Rational Expectations on the TDS has its raison d'etre via heightened investment delivery intended to the US Market and ending across the north-side border. Mexico City has not benefited substantially, if not at all, from the crisis due to an absence of mature markets. This is going to be the case for some times to come. Bio-fuel advancements are helping enhance Brazil outlook, at least on the financial front, with increased expenditure already absorded on Research and Development. Future prospects for the Brazilian Economy are good, at least for the next 6 years, before tghe struggle to maintain high growth rates begin.
AMRISK COMPOSITE INDEX IS SET AT RISK MAGNITUDE 6 ON LYSCALE RISKGRADE
 
Monday 15 October 2007 at 15.55 GMT - London Time.

LYSCALE RISKGRADE

AMERICAS MARKETS RISK SUITE

[BUENOS AIRES, MEXICO, TORONTO, SAO PAULO]

 

BUENOS AIRES

MEXICO CITY

TORONTO

SAO PAULO

AMRISK COMP

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BUENOS AIRES
 
SUMMARY
 
Buenos Aires is the financial, industrial, commercial, and cultural hub of Argentina. Its port is one of the busiest in the world. Tax collection related to it has caused many political problems in the past; navigable rivers by way of the Rio de la Plata connect the port to north-east Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay. As a result, it serves as the distribution hub for a vast area of the south-eastern region of the South American continent. In 2007 the city has a mean Nominal GDP per capita of around U$S 14.000, which makes it one of the wealthiest cities in Latin America.

To the west of Buenos Aires is the Pampa Húmeda, the most productive agricultural region of Argentina (as opposed to the dry southern Pampa, mostly used for cattle farming). Meat, dairy, grain, tobacco, wool and hide products are processed or manufactured in the Buenos Aires area. Other leading industries are automobile manufacturing, oil refining, metalworking, machine building, and the production of textiles, chemicals, clothing, and beverages.

Buenos Aires is the capital of Argentina and its largest city and port. It is located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent.

After the internal conflicts of the 19th century, Buenos Aires was federalised and removed from Buenos Aires Province in 1880; its city limits were enlarged to include the former towns of Belgrano and Flores; both are now neighbourhoods in the city.

 

 
MEXICO-CITY 
 
SUMMARY
 
Mexico City is also one of the most important economic hubs of Latin America. The city proper (Federal District) produces 21.8% of the country's gross domestic product. According to a study conducted by PriceWaterhouseCoopers, Greater Mexico City (19.2 million people) had a GDP of $315 billion in 2005 (at purchasing power parity), ranking as the eighth-richest urban agglomeration in GDP in the world after the greater areas of Tokyo, New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Paris, London and Osaka/Kobe respectively and the richest in Latin America, in 2020 it will climb to the seventh-largest with a $608 billion placing Osaka/Kobe in the eighth position. Mexico City alone would be the 30th largest economy in the world with a higher GDP than whole countries like Sweden and Switzerland.

The city proper (Federal District) accounts for 21.8% of the country's GPD. In terms of GDP per sector, the Federal District is the greatest contributor to the country's industrial GDP (15.8%) and also the greatest contributor to the country's GDP in the service sector (25.3%). Due to the limited non-urbanized space at the south -most of which is protected through environmental laws- the contribution of the Federal District in agriculture is the smallest of all federal entities in the country.

The city proper's nominal GDP per capita is $17,696, the highest of any city in Latin America. Mexico City's Human Development Index (HDI) is the highest in the country at 0.8830, higher than the national average. Amongst other welfare indicators 50% of the habitants of Mexico City have access to the Internet, 58% own a cell phone, with virtually each household having a phone line, and while 36% of Mexicans nationwide live in poverty, 15% of the residents of Mexico City do. Mexico is also one of the largest financial and commercial hubs in Latin America. The Mexican stock exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores) and the country's largest banks and insurers as well as many international financial services conglomerates for Latin America are headquartered in the city. Amongst them Banamex (acquired by Citigroup) is the largest, which generates almost three times as much revenues than all 16 Citigroup's branches in the rest of Latin America. Most of the conglomerates are headquartered at Santa Fe, one of the business districts of the city.

Over the last two decades the economic base has shifted strongly, as the manufacturing activities move to the state of Mexico (Mexico city suburbs) and even to other states, partly due to an environmental program of tax incentives offered by the government to manufacturers: existing companies could be eligible to tax-certificates if they installed pollution control equipment. New plants, on the other hand, were only eligible to the same benefits if they were to be located outside Mexico City.
Mexico City is the most important economic, industrial and cultural center in the country, and the most populous city with 8,720,916 inhabitants in 2005. Greater Mexico City (Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México) incorporates 58 adjacent municipalities of the State of Mexico and 1 municipality of the state of Hidalgo, according to the most recent definition agreed upon by the federal and state governments. In 2005 Greater Mexico City had a population of 19.2 million, making it the largest metropolitan area in the western hemisphere and the second largest in the world.In 2005, it ranked as the eighth richest urban agglomeration GDP in the world.

Mexico City is also the Federal District (Distrito Federal in Spanish, and hence the abbreviation D.F. that officially follows the name of the city). The Federal District is coextensive with Mexico City: both are governed by a single institution and are constitutionally considered to be the same entity. This has not always been the case. The Federal District, created in 1824, was integrated by several municipalities, one of which was the municipality of Mexico City. As the city began to grow, it engulfed all other municipalities into one large urban area. In 1928 all municipalities within the Federal District were abolished, an action that left a vacuum in the legal status of Mexico City vis-à-vis the Federal District, even though for most practical purposes they were traditionally considered to be the same entity. In 1993, to end the sterile discussions about whether one concept had engulfed the other, or if any of the two entities had any existence in lieu of the other, the 44th Article of the Constitution of Mexico was reformed to clearly state that Mexico City is the Federal District, seat of the powers of the Union and capital of the United Mexican States.

Mexico City is located in the Valley of Mexico also called the Valley of Anáhuac, a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 meters (7,349 feet). It was originally built by the Aztecs in 1325 on an island of Lake Texcoco. The city was almost completely destroyed in the siege of 1521, and was redesigned and rebuilt in the following years following the Spanish urban standards. In 1524 the municipality of Mexico City was established, known as México Tenochtitlán, and as of 1585 it is officially known as Ciudad de México.


 
 
 
TORONTO
 
SUMMARY
 
As Canada's economic capital, Toronto is considered a global city. Toronto's leading economic sectors include finance, business services, telecommunications, aerospace, transportation, media, arts, film, television production, publishing, software production, medical research, education, tourism and sports industries. The Toronto Stock Exchange, the world's sixth largest, is headquartered in the city, along with a majority of Canada's corporations.

Toronto's population is cosmopolitan and international, which reflects its role as an important destination for immigrants to Canada . Toronto is one of the world's most diverse cities, as about 49 percent of the population were born outside of Canada.Because of the city's low crime rates, clean environment and generally high standard of living, Toronto is consistently rated as one of the world's most livable cities by the Economist Intelligence Unit and the Mercer Quality of Living Survey. In addition, Toronto was ranked as the most expensive Canadian city in which to live in 2006.

Residents of Toronto are called Torontonians. Toronto has a number of sister cities, which are selected based on economic, cultural and political criteria.

Toronto is a major international centre for business and finance. Generally considered the financial capital of Canada, Toronto has a high concentration of banks and brokerage firms on Bay Street, the city's main financial street. The Toronto Stock Exchange is the world's sixth-largest stock exchange by market capitalization. All of the Big Five banks of Canada are headquartered in Toronto.

The city is an important centre for the media, publishing, telecommunications, information technology and film production industries; it is home to Thomson Corporation, CTVglobemedia, Rogers Communications, Alliance Atlantis and Celestica. Other prominent Canadian corporations in Toronto include Four Seasons Hotels, the Hudson's Bay Company and Manulife Financial.

Although much of the region's manufacturing activities take place outside the city limits, Toronto continues to be an important wholesale and distribution point for the industrial sector. The city's strategic position along the Quebec City-Windsor Corridor and its extensive road and rail connections help support the nearby production of motor vehicles, iron, steel, food, machinery, chemicals and paper. The completion of the St. Lawrence Seaway in 1959 gave ships access to the Great Lakes from the Atlantic Ocean.

 
 
 
 
 
SAO PAULO
 
SUMMARY
 
São Paulo is the 19ª richest city of the world [citation needed]. According to data of IBGE, its Gross domestic product (GDP) in 2006 was R$ 175.253.702.274,00 (about US$ 95.000.000.000,00), equivalent to approximately 7% of the Brazilian GDP and 29% of all production of goods and services of the State of São Paulo.

One of the biggest financial centers of Brazil, São Paulo's economy is going through a deep transformation. Once a city with a strong industrial character, São Paulo's economy has become increasingly based on the tertiary sector, focusing on services and businesses for the country.

Many analysts point to São Paulo as an important global city, even though this assignment can be criticized considering its serious problems of social exclusion and spacial seggregation. Although being the most important financial center of the country, São Paulo's economy also presents a high degree of informality
São Paulo (Portuguese for Saint Paul) is the capital of the state of São Paulo in the South East of Brazil. It is located at 23°32′36″S, 46°37′59″W (Latitude -23.59 Longitude -46.63)

The city has an area of 1,523.0 square kilometres (588 sq mi) and a population of 11,016,703 (2006 IBGE estimate), which makes it the most populous in the southern hemisphere (metro area: about 19 million).

People from the city of São Paulo are known as paulistanos, while paulistas designates anyone from the whole of São Paulo state, including the paulistanos. The city's Latin motto is Non ducor, duco, which translates as "I am not led, I lead". A famous nickname for the city is "Sampa".

São Paulo is also known for its smog, the sheer size of its helicopter fleet, unreliable weather, and multitude of skyscrapers, holding the 7th position in the skyline ranking and with the 3rd biggest skyline (first and second are Hong Kong and New York, respectively).
 
 
 
 
 
AMERICAS COMPOSITE RGS